Vibration reduction of linear rolling guide system

In recent years, with the development of CNC machine tools and precision machining, the requirements for machine tool guidance systems are getting higher and higher, which is an important factor in determining machine tool machining accuracy, work efficiency and service life. Many of the equipments use the machine tool components produced by professional craft equipment factories at home and abroad - linear rolling guides as guide supports. Since the linear rolling guide uses a hardened guide rail and a pre-tightened (no-gap) ball or roller slider as a contact pair, it has a low friction coefficient, a large bearing capacity, a good rigidity, and a long service life, and can be extremely high. Feed rate and positioning accuracy.

However, compared with the conventional flat sliding guide, the rolling guide is relatively inferior in damping performance because the rolling contact surface is a point or a line. Some rail manufacturers have used a method to increase the preload of the rolling guide system to improve the damping performance. However, actual tests have shown that this method is not effective.

Increasing the preload only changes the resonant frequency, and there is not much improvement in damping. On the contrary, due to the increase of the preload of the rolling guide system, the deformation of the rolling element is increased, thereby increasing the displacement resistance of the guiding mechanism, and the wear of the contact surface is accelerated, which inevitably affects the working life of the guiding member. An effective damping method can be achieved by adding a damping element. In the development process of the “SHZ1044 twin-spindle vertical turning center”, the production and research cooperation project, we adopted two forms of rolling guide vibration damping measures and achieved good results.

1 Linear rolling guide with damper slide

One head of the "SHZ1044 twin-spindle vertical turning center" uses a built-in spindle motor with an inverted layout. When the inverted head is in operation, the front spindle rotates at a high speed and moves in the horizontal direction (X) and the vertical direction (Z), which is prone to vibration. To this end, we chose a roller guide mechanism (Fig. 1) with a damper slide as the X-direction guide.

(a) Roller guides with damper slides

(b) Damper slide profile

1, 3. Slider 2. Damping slide 4. Guide rail
Figure 1 Roller guide mechanism with damping function

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