kaiping aida sanitary ware technology co.,ltd , https://www.aidafaucet.com
According to customs statistics, in 2008, the total import and export of machine tool industry was 18.07 billion US dollars, an increase of 12.63% over 2007. Among them, imports were 12.188 billion US dollars, up 6.35%, down 3.37 percentage points over the previous year's growth rate (9.72); exports were 5.819 billion US dollars, up 28.53%, down 10.09 percentage points from the previous year's growth rate (38.62%). The trade deficit between import and export was 6.369 billion U.S. dollars, a decrease of 564 million U.S. dollars from the previous year’s deficit of 6.933 billion U.S. dollars (the above are in accordance with the statistics of China Machinery Industry Federation, the same below).
Metal processing machine tools imported 84,600 units, 7.542 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.28%; exports of 2.022 billion US dollars, an increase of 28.38%. among them:
CNC machine tools imported 18,800 units, 3.164 billion US dollars, the amount decreased by 0.57%; exports of 15,900 units, 497 million US dollars, an increase of 33.41%;
The processing center imported 13,800 units, 2.087 billion US dollars, an increase of 21.02%; exports 1,386 units, 98.234 million US dollars, an increase of 88.05%.
The number of combined machine tools imported 521, 200 million US dollars, the amount increased by 20.34%; exports 2,185 units, 10.575 million US dollars, the amount increased by 24.5%.
First, the structure of export products continues to improve
The export of CNC machine tools has grown rapidly. According to the customs tax number classification, among the 27 kinds of CNC machine tools, except for the three types of exports, 24 kinds of rapid growth. Among them, the export value is in the top three, and the growth rate is fast: 8810 sets of CNC horizontal lathes, 179 million US dollars, the amount increased by 22.95%; CNC bending, folding or leveling machine exports 1534 sets, 73 million US dollars, the amount increased 91.17%; vertical processing center exports 1,178 units, with a total of US$58 million, an increase of 128.94%. Exports are also growing at a high speed: horizontal machining centers, gantry machining centers, other machining centers, other CNC lathes, CNC boring machines, CNC boring and milling machines, CNC surface grinders, CNC cylindrical grinding machines, CNC gear cutting machines, gear grinding machines or gears. Machining machine tools, CNC forging or stamping machine tools and forging hammers, CNC plate with slitting machine tools, CNC plate with cross shearing machine tools, other CNC cutting machine tools, automatic mode CNC stepping presses, other CNC punching machines, other CNC punching or opening Slot machine tools, etc.
In non-CNC machine tools, the technical content is high and the export growth is fast: boring and milling machine, combination machine tool, gantry milling machine, surface grinder, cylindrical grinding machine, metal grinding machine, gear processing machine, bending folding or leveling machine.
Second, the import structure has also improved, and the import of CNC gear processing machines and horizontal machining centers is the fastest.
The import structure of metalworking machine tools has also improved, and the amount of imports has increased or decreased. According to the classification of customs tax numbers, there are 21 kinds of metal-machined machine tools with an import value of more than 100 million US dollars. The top three are: 10,329 sets of vertical processing centers, 875 million US dollars, and the amount increased by 2.13%; The horizontal machining center imported 2,107 units, with an amount of 840 million US dollars, an increase of 50.76%; the import of CNC horizontal lathes was 5015 units, with a price of 408 million US dollars, a decrease of 2.35%.
The fastest growth rate of imports is CNC gear processing machine tools, importing 328 sets, 236 million US dollars, an increase of 76.73%; followed by horizontal machining centers, again CNC bending, leveling machine tools and multi-station combined machine tools.
Imports of non-CNC forging or punching machines and forging hammers, sawing machines or cutting machines are also large.
Third, the current issues of concern
Since September 2008, due to the impact of the US financial crisis, the demand in the US and international markets has decreased. The export of machine tool industry has decreased in four months compared with the previous month: in October 2008, the export was 479 million US dollars, compared with 5.56 in September. US$100 million, down 13.85%; November exports 450 million US dollars, down 6.05% from last month (the same below); December exports 462 million US dollars, up 2.67%; January 2009 exports 405 million US dollars, down 12.34%; Exports in February were 228 million U.S. dollars, down 43.7%. The situation is very serious.
Exports of $301 million in March, although a 32.02% increase from the previous month, began to reverse the decline in the previous four months. However, this does not mean that external demand has improved, but China’s policy of stabilizing foreign trade growth and the independent adjustment of enterprises have begun to see some results. Whether the trend of slowing down the decline in exports can continue, depends on the performance of external demand. Judging from the current situation, the basis for the rebound in exports is still not stable, and the export situation is still grim. According to the predictions of relevant international organizations, the basic situation of the world economic recession has not yet fundamentally changed. The global trade decline has not bottomed out. The demand for major export markets of mechanical products such as the EU, the United States and Japan has shrunk. At the same time, in the economic downturn, countries tend to tighten trade policies, and trade protectionism may come back. In this regard, we must have a clear understanding and think about preparation.
At present, in response to the international financial crisis and promoting the development of foreign trade, issues and measures need to be considered:
1. Make good use of the preferential policies issued by the state to promote the development of export trade
In response to the impact of the international financial crisis, the Chinese government has adopted a number of policies to increase macroeconomic regulation and control, expand investment scale, and increase the growth of fixed assets investment in machinery industry (the equipment required for these investments is mainly machine tools); Policy measures to encourage technological transformation of enterprises; comprehensive implementation of VAT reform; expansion of domestic consumption to stimulate domestic demand. At the same time, the tariff-free and VAT-free policies for imported machine tools imported from a large number of domestic investment projects were cancelled, and the VAT exemption policy for imported equipment of all foreign-funded enterprises was abolished. These policies are conducive to the independent innovation of Chinese enterprises and enhance the competitiveness of domestically produced equipment. As far as the export of machine tool industry is concerned, there are also many favorable factors: RMB bank loans have lowered interest rates several times; steel prices have fallen from high levels; from October to December 2008, the export of 54 machine tools has been increased three times. The tax rebate rate; the state subsidizes some agricultural machinery and automobile sales, which has driven the demand for machine tools from these two banks; the exchange rate of the RMB against the US dollar has stopped its rapid appreciation and maintained at a relatively stable level.
The above preferential policies and favorable factors, the relevant enterprises should fully grasp and promote the development of enterprise production and foreign trade.
2. Grasp the opportunity, transform and upgrade, and continuously optimize the structure of export products
The current machine tool industry is facing fewer orders and lower sales, which has increased difficulties. The recent Canton Fair orders decreased by an average of 20.8%. To this end, on the one hand, we must continuously improve the quality of labor-intensive products with advantages (such as some bench drills, abrasive tools, various tools and some low-value ordinary machine tools), and consolidate and expand the international market share; on the other hand, It is necessary to transform and upgrade, continuously optimize the structure of export products, gradually change the current situation of low value-added and low-tech products, and increase the development of high-tech and high-value-added products, and develop independent intellectual property rights. Products, pay attention to the continuous improvement and improvement of product technology standards, and strive to close and transform international standards or international advanced technology standards to improve international competitiveness.
It is necessary to gradually transform some processing trade (currently processing trade exports account for about 20% of the total industry exports) into general trade exports; gradually transform some of the pasted products into independent brand exports; adjust high-pollution, high-energy-consuming, high-consumption scarce resources Product structure (such as abrasives, castings, etc.) to increase added value.
3. Actively promote the diversification of export markets and vigorously develop trade and cooperation with countries that have signed free trade agreements with China.
At present, the demand of developed economies such as the European Union, the United States, and Japan is declining. It is necessary to diversify into other potential markets, such as the Middle East, Central Asia, Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe, India, Brazil, and Russia, in an effort to make up for the EU, the United States, etc. The share of the market lost.
In recent years, China’s machinery products have developed rapidly with emerging economies such as India, Brazil, and Russia (ie, the other three countries except the BRIC countries). In 2007 and 2008, China’s exports of machinery products generally increased by 40% to 90%. .
China and the 10 ASEAN countries, China and Chile, China and Singapore have signed free trade agreements between 2005 and 2008 respectively. On April 28, 2009, China signed a free trade agreement with Peru. The two sides will implement zero tariffs on each of their products over 90%, and China's machine tool exports will benefit from the tax reduction arrangements.
It is necessary to make full use of the preferential tariff reductions and exemptions from the above countries to expand exports. Especially in ASEAN, bilateral trade has developed rapidly in recent years. Many of China's gold cutting machine tools, pressure machines, bending machines and other forming and processing machines, as well as some tools, abrasive tools, machine tool parts and other competitive advantages, must actively strive to expand exports.
4. Attach importance to the analysis and research of imported equipment, select products with large import volume and high technical content, and strive to transfer to domestic supply.
First of all, we must aim at 21 kinds of machine tools imported above 100 million US dollars, and choose a variety of specifications, especially machining centers, CNC lathes, CNC gear processing machines, CNC bending machines, etc., to develop and develop production conditions as soon as possible.
At the same time, we must also aim at the development of high-end machine tools that require more domestic users and the state encourages imports. There are 13 kinds:
(1) boring and milling machining center (including vertical, horizontal, vertical and horizontal): the positioning accuracy is higher than 0.01mm, the repeating positioning accuracy is higher than 0.005mm, the worktable is greater than 1250mm, and the 5-axis is connected;
(2) Flexible processing unit: 5-axis linkage;
(3) Turning center: repeat positioning accuracy is higher than 0.004mm;
(4) CNC surface grinder (including forming, gantry, guide rail, double end, etc.): the positioning accuracy is higher than 0.006mm (full range), and the repeat positioning accuracy is higher than 0.003mm (full range);
(5) CNC grinding machine (including inner circle, outer circle, end face outer circle, universal, centerless, bearing, sharpening, special, etc.): positioning accuracy is higher than 0.006mm, repeat positioning accuracy is higher than 0.003mm;
(6) Longmen CNC milling machine: workbench width ≥ 5000mm, repeat positioning accuracy <0.006mm/200mm, > 3-axis linkage;
(7) Metal honing machine tools;
(8) Single column, double column, four column universal hydraulic machine: nominal pressure > 4000T;
(9) Diamond hydraulic press: nominal pressure > 9000T;
(10) CNC cutting machine: plate thickness > 40mm;
(11) Process and special equipment related to precision motion control;
(12) High-speed, high-precision manipulators;
(13) Three-coordinate measuring machine: X×Y×Z>3000×3000×2000mm, single-axis precision
China supports the first set of high-end machine tools and sets preferential policies, and urgently needs to introduce specific measures that can be operated, so that this policy can be implemented.
In 2008, the import and export of machine tool industry continued to grow, but due to the impact of the international financial crisis, the growth rate of imports and exports decreased compared with 2007.