Advances in innovation of salt-tolerant sea-farming plants in Jiangsu

Wild soybean oil comparable to olive oil, organic active salts extracted from plants, Jerusalem artichokes capable of extracting biomass energy... On December 13th, a unique display report of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences will be in front of people. As a result, nine kinds of high value-added salt-tolerant plant products produced along the beach have found use in millions of mu of land in Jiangsu.

The coastal areas of Jiangsu Province are very narrow and dense. With the development of industry, the area of ​​arable land has gradually decreased, land resources are in short supply, and the contradiction between people and land has become increasingly prominent. The area along the beach covers an area of ​​10.31 million mu, which accounts for about a quarter of the country's mudflats. It is still swelling at a rate of 30,000 to 50,000 mu per year. The development of tidal flats has a very important strategic significance for increasing the land area along the coast of our province, easing the contradiction between man and land and achieving sustainable development.

In 2009, Jiangsu coastal development formally became a national development strategy. In the "Development Plan for Coastal Areas in Jiangsu Province" promulgated by the State Council, it is clearly stated that 60% of the area along the beach will be used for modern agriculture and 20% of the area will be used for ecological construction. Therefore, the research on the comprehensive development and utilization of salt-tolerant plants will make great achievements. By cultivating salt-tolerant crop varieties and using saline soil directly, both the output and the environment can be gradually improved. The combination of reclamation and salt-tolerant plants is a short-cycle, fast-acting, most environmentally friendly and effective method for improving the use of saline soil. Therefore, the improvement of domesticated salt-tolerant crops and the development of their supporting cultivation techniques have become major issues in the development of high-efficiency agriculture in the tidal flat.

At present, researchers have produced a total of 9 kinds of barley tea, plant salt, wild soybean oil, wild soybean isoflavones, sunflower oil, dehydrated soda, seasoned Soda, seasoned purslane, Jerusalem artichoke powder, etc. High value-added commercial products have their own functions.

Taking wild soybean oil as an example, researchers have selected wild soybean varieties suitable for growth in saline beach and pressed out edible oils with high-protein and high-unsaturated fatty acids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids is as high as 83.1%, which is comparable to olive oil. , nearly 30% higher than normal soybean oil, has the effect of lowering serum cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease.

The plant salt extracted from salt-tolerant and salt-laden tundish plants is different from inorganic salts directly extracted from seawater and mine shafts. It is selectively absorbed by plants and has bio-enriched organisms. Alkali, which is an organic active salt, is especially useful for people with high blood pressure and high blood viscosity because it has functions such as calming liver and diuresis. The Jerusalem artichoke is an “excellent student” among new energy crops. For corn, sugarcane and other traditional energy crops, the comparative advantages of Jerusalem artichoke are obvious. On the one hand, its rooted tubers are rich in inulin and its sugar content is higher than that of sugar cane. On the other hand, the above-ground biomass is huge and has potential value as a raw material for cellulosic ethanol production. It is suitable for promoting cultivation in marginal lands such as deserts, mudflats, and saline-alkali grasslands, and does not compete with land for grain. In addition to its huge energy potential and economy, the ecological benefits of Jerusalem artichoke are equally important.

At present, after scientific research by planters and processors, it has been found that the profit per mu of barley and wild soybeans in the mudflat exceeds 1,000 yuan. In the process of extracting biomass energy, Jerusalem artichoke also has not competed with farmers for water, and it is not competing with people for food. The special advantage of oil. Through the Jiangsu coastal development, 270 million mu of reclamation and new land can be formed in the near future. The long-term development is expected to reach 7 million mu, which is a strategic land reserve resource. Once these varieties are promoted, they will bring considerable economic and ecological benefits. (Reporter Zhang Hao)

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