Study on the Technology of Cotton Wool Chitin Blended Yarn

With the improvement of living standards, people are paying more and more attention to the quality of daily life. In terms of wearing, it not only requires beautiful and comfortable, but also individuality and fashion, and it can be bacteriostatic, antibacterial, easy to care, and good for health. The application of various natural fibers and new fibers, through the blending and interweaving, the development of a variety of fabrics with functional features in appearance, feel and function is an important way for textile companies to develop new products. The cotton wool chitin fiber blended yarn not only maintains the basic appearance of cotton yarn, but also has good elasticity and antibacterial health care function. It is suitable for processing into various high-grade knitted fabrics and is made into various high-grade underwear and children's products.

1. The raw material of the chitin fiber macromolecule has a positive charge. When it comes into contact with the negatively charged bacterial microorganism, the negative charge on the surface of the bacteria is neutralized, so that the bacterial activity is inhibited, the activity is lost, and the antibacterial activity is achieved. purpose. Tests have shown that chitosan has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, etc., especially for Gram-positive bacteria. Chitin fiber not only has a long-lasting broad-spectrum antibacterial function, but also has biodegradability, non-toxic and non-irritating properties, and has good alkali resistance and dyeing performance. The fineness of chitin fiber is coarse and the strength is not high, and there is a certain difficulty in pure spinning. It can be blended with cotton, hemp and acrylic fiber, which not only has antibacterial and warmth functions, but also improves the spinning performance of chitin fiber, further reducing the product cost. Although many research institutes have test cattle production lines at home and abroad, they have different uses, and the specifications of fineness and cut length are not directly compatible with cotton and wool fibers. According to the requirements of cotton spinning process, chitin fiber with a length of 38 mm and a fineness of about 0.96 dtex should be specially selected.
There are many types of wool fibers, but when blended with cotton fibers, it is necessary to select materials with similar length and fineness as cotton fibers, otherwise the process parameters of the mixed raw materials will not be determined. Through screening, it was found that two kinds of raw materials are more suitable for blending with cotton, one is fine sheep wool; the other is Australian leather shearing hair. The length of these two kinds of wool fibers is between 30 mm and 45 mm, which is close to the length of cotton fibers. However, there are more coarse cavities in the austenitic shearing hair, the fibers are thicker, the fabric feels harder, and the fineness of the fine sheep wool Only 20μm, so domestic fine wool is selected as one of the blending materials.
The selection of cotton fiber, considering that the final product is mainly used for high-grade apparel fabrics, in order to improve the spinnability and product quality, high-quality fine-staple cotton is selected, and the grade of raw cotton is grade 2. Cotton wool chitin fiber blended antibacterial anti-twist yarn, which is required to maintain the basic appearance and performance of cotton yarn, while giving better elasticity and antibacterial properties. According to the data, when the content of chitin fiber in textiles is 10%, it has antibacterial properties. To reduce the cost, the mixing ratio is determined to be 10%. Considering the yarn function, spinnability and product cost, determine cotton, wool, The blend ratio of the three fibers of chitin was 60:30:10, and the number of spinning was 36.6 tex. The performance indicators of various raw materials are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Performance indicators of various raw materials

2, the determination of the spinning program Cotton wool chitin three fiber blended, the choice of spinning process is the focus. Cotton fiber and wool fiber belong to two different processing systems in the traditional processing technology due to different raw material characteristics. In the spinning process, we have developed three process routes for testing: first, the use of wool fibers in the wool spinning production line for carding, cotton fibers and chitin fibers in the cotton spinning line, respectively, and then on the draw frame The second is to use wool fiber alone to make strips, cotton fiber and chitin fiber mixed strips, and mix on the draw frame; third, the three raw materials are separately pretreated and directly mixed, and then processed on the cotton spinning production line. For the first process, the pre-spinning process is relatively good, and the blending ratio can be grasped more accurately. It is also smoother in the separate bar making process, but in the process of drawing, the electrostatic phenomenon of the wool and chitin fiber is serious. The phenomenon of winding the rubber roller is serious. In the second process route, chitin fibers are dropped during the cleaning and carding process, which increases the cost. In the third process route, the cotton fiber is first opened, removed, combed, made into a strip, and then torn, and then mixed with wool and chitin. Practice shows that although the process is long, the spinnability is good, the operability is strong, the yarn quality is stable, and the cotton can be reused, which can reduce the production cost.
The friction coefficient of the surface of the wool fiber is large, which is unfavorable for the drawing of the processing process, and has a great influence on the drying of the yarn. Therefore, the wool fiber must be pretreated to remove the scales on the surface of the wool fiber to eliminate the fluffing property. Therefore, the wool fiber is anti-shrinkage treatment before the blending, so that the fineness of the wool fiber can be made finer, the yarn can be dried, and the yarn strength can be increased. When the wool is washed, the degree of mercerization should be strictly controlled. The effect of lightness is not good, and it is easy to damage the fiber if it is too heavy. After mercerizing, it is necessary to carry out the hair and hair in the hairy warehouse, add appropriate amount of hair oil, antistatic agent, silica gel and water to control the moisture regain of the loose hair in the range of 20% to 25%.
In order to facilitate the organization of the production, the pretreatment of the raw cotton can be opened and combed by a conventional process, but it should be as small as 20 mm when the strip is torn, otherwise the winding and twisting phenomenon will occur during the reworking. The selected process flow is as follows:
Cotton: open cotton → carding → tearing (1)
Hair: mercerized → and hair refueling (2)
Chitin: (3)
(1)+(2)+(3)→mixing→opening cotton→carding→draw (two-way)→roving→spun yarn→winding→packing

3. Process parameters and yarn quality indicators in each process In the process of opening and cleaning cotton, since cotton and wool fibers are pretreated, the full mixing of raw materials is the key, the wool fibers are relatively fluffy, the moisture regain is high, and the wool fibers are caught during cotton picking. The amount of grabbing is large, and it is easy to wrap the beater, so the six-roller opener can be skipped, and the speed of the remaining beaters should be reduced as much as possible to reduce fiber damage and entanglement.
When spinning cotton, the carding process should appropriately enlarge the spacing of the licker-to-cotton board, the cylinder to the cover, and reduce the rotation speed of the licker and the doffer. The position of the dust removing knife is high angle of the high knife, and the speed of the cover plate is selected to reduce the cotton.
When drawing, the first drafting is small, and the second drafting is large to improve the fiber straightness of the sliver and improve the yarn strength; the roving adopts a smaller rear drafting multiple and a larger twisting coefficient; The drafting is small to increase the dryness of the yarn and reduce the detail. The process parameters of each process are as follows: metric metric 400g/m, carding weight 22g/5m, licking roller speed 750 r/min, cylinder speed 330 r/min, heading draw length 4.31 times × 1. 63 times, the draw ratio of the second draw is 6.35 times × 1.35 times, the roving twist factor is 113, and the draw ratio in the rear region of the spun yarn is 1.2 times.
The yarn quality indicators are: breaking strength 11.0 cN/tex, strong CV 9.2%, strip dry CV 17%, neps 40/g, and total neps impurities 57/g.
4. Concluding remarks According to the inspection of Shandong Textile Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Station, the cotton-wool chitin fiber blended yarn spun by cotton spinning equipment has reached the standard of Q/N09SDY006-2003. The key technology of spinning cotton wool chitin fiber blended yarn on cotton spinning equipment is to pre-treat the wool to eliminate static electricity and prevent the winding roller; secondly, the cotton fiber is separately formed into strips, and then mixed with wool fiber and chitin fiber to reduce The loss of chitin fiber can reduce costs. The cost of cotton wool chitin fiber blended yarn is about 120,000 yuan per ton of yarn according to the current raw material price, and the profit of ton yarn is about 28,000 yuan.
The fabric woven by cotton wool chitin fiber blended yarn has the characteristics of firmness, no wrinkle, no shrinkage, bright color, soft handfeel, good elasticity, etc. It has the functions of antibacterial, deodorizing, antipruritic and anti-mite, and is suitable for consumers to pursue natural, Health and ecological requirements have good economic value and broad market prospects. At present, cotton-wool chitin fiber blended yarn has developed denim fabric, which has a unique style, good luster on the surface, fullness and elasticity, and antibacterial health care effect. The color fabric produced by the cotton-wool chitin fiber blended yarn has a smooth feel, a hairy feel and a unique dyeing style.

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