Causes of fertilizer damage and prevention

First, the common causes of fat damage

　　 1 . A large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied blindly. In general, crops require a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, many farmers think that once the crops are poorly grown, they are nitrogen-deficient fertilizers, and they begin to supplement nitrogen fertilizers, causing fertilizer damage due to excess nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, excessive application of volatile nitrogen fertilizers, such as carbonic acid. Ammonium hydroxide and ammonia water are easy to cause crops to suffer from fertilizers such as smoked seedlings.

　　 2 . The amount of fertilizer applied is too large. All kinds of fertilizers are recommended to be carried out in a small number of times. However, many farmers are eager to save the fertilizers too much, which will cause the fertilizer concentration in the soil around the roots of the plants to be temporarily too high, so that the roots of the crops cannot be absorbed normally. Moisture, fat damage.

　　 3 . The organic fertilizer was not cooked. After the fertilized organic fertilizer is applied to the soil, it is first decomposed. This process generates a lot of heat and is easy to cause root burning.

　　 4 . The distance between the species, fertilizer or seedlings and fertilizer is too small. Fertilizer is relatively faster than organic fertilizer. If the fertilization distance is too small, there will be a high concentration of fertilizer nutrients around the plant or seed within a short period of time, causing burning and burning.

　　 5 , improper selection of fertilizer. In general, field crops can be selected from conventional potassium chloride fertilizers. However, in economic crops, if trees and vegetables are mostly chlorine-free crops, it is generally recommended to use potassium sulfate-based fertilizers. In addition, potassium-based fertilizers should be used for paddy crops. Many farmers buy fertilizers when they never look at whether the fertilizer is potassium sulphate or potassium chloride, high nitrogen fertilizer or balanced fertilizer, and blind fertilization causes damage to the seedlings.

Generally, after the occurrence of fertilizer damage, the crops usually show that the plants that are affected by the fertilizer show wilting, and they appear to be frosted or boiled. The light ones affect the growth and development, and the heavy ones die. When the seeds are simulating, the distance is too small, and the emergence is not Qi; the roots of the plants are damaged, and the roots are dehydrated and atrophied.

Second, the prevention and control of fertilizer damage:

　　 1 . Do not apply unfertilized organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer must be fermented and then applied, especially after the poultry manure is fermented and mixed with the fertilizer.

　　 2 . Rational use of fertilizers. It is recommended to apply a small amount of times when fertilizing, and nitrogen fertilizer should never be used too much at one time. When the foliar spray is applied, the concentration should not be too high. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used as the foliar fertilizer. The concentration should not exceed 0.3 %. The spray can be wet. The urea is also recommended to be controlled in the range of 0.5% .

　　 3 . Add organic fertilizer. The organic matter content in the soil is high, and the cation has a strong adsorption energy, which improves the buffering capacity of soil nutrients and can greatly reduce the occurrence of fertilizer damage.

　　 4 . Fertilization should be about 10cm from the root of the crop and should be applied deep. Immediately after top dressing, cover the soil to prevent seedling stage burning and loss of fertilizer efficiency. Soil drought and topdressing need timely irrigation, reduce concentration, avoid burning phenomenon; fruit trees are applied at the left and right positions of the crown when fertilizing, so as to ensure the supply of fertilizer, and not too close to fertilization.