Brass fasteners are used for their physical and aesthetic properties. Brass is utilized due to its high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistant properties, it is suitable for use in hot and cold environments, and resistant to water corrosion, making it a staple of industries such as heating and plumbing. Brass fasteners are largely non-magnetic (like any fastener, slight magnetic properties can develop during the manufacturing process) and resistant to tarnishing.
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Keywords: combination of production, study and research; superhard materials and products; professional construction; talent training mode
1 Adapt to the development of the industry, super hard materials and products
Superhard materials are a class of new materials that have been born and developed with the advancement of technology and industrial development since the 1960s. Originally used as an abrasive, the abrasive industry has gradually replaced ordinary abrasives (corundum, silicon carbide) with superabrasives (diamond, cubic boron nitride). This is the world's recognized trend in the development of the abrasives industry. The progress of "A→B, C→D" (Alumina corundum→Borazon cubic boron nitride, Carborundum silicon carbide→Diamond diamond). Later, it was widely used in many fields such as machinery, electronics, building materials, metallurgy, petroleum, geology, nuclear industry, aerospace, and defense industry. After the 1980s, with the advent of China's new economic construction period, super-hard materials and products as a high-tech industry and Chaoyang industry ushered in a new stage of vigorous development, and the production scale of the industry has doubled year after year.
However, professional talents were scarce at the time. According to the statistics of the whole industry in 1990, the proportion of technicians in the number of employees is less than 2%, and the proportion of technicians required by the former Ministry of Machinery Industry's "Eighth Five-Year Plan" should reach 15% or more. The two are far apart. Moreover, all the technical personnel in the industry are diverted from other professions. All kinds of schools in China, including undergraduate and specialist colleges, have no professional counterparts. Therefore, the cultivation of professional talents has become a prominent problem that needs to be solved in the whole industry.
In view of the above situation, the former Ministry of Machinery Industry organized a survey on the talent demand forecast of the industry, and proposed a motion to set up superhard materials and products. Subsequently, Zhengzhou Industrial College began preparations for the creation of a new major based on the requirements of the Ministry of Machinery. The school formed a number of investigation teams and conducted extensive and in-depth social investigations. Through multiple visits and written investigations across the country, more than 100 research, design, production units and related ministries and commissions have been investigated in the systems of machinery, electronics, building materials, metallurgy, petroleum, geology and national defense. The bureaus and other competent departments also visited relevant universities, and solicited opinions on the demand for talents, the direction of running schools and the mode of running schools in various departments and departments, and conducted in-depth feasibility studies. According to the survey results, the school decided to declare a new major - super hard materials and products. Approved by the former Ministry of Machinery and the State Education Commission, the new profession started and enrolled in 1987. In 1990, the first graduates filled the domestic gap. This is called “a historic event in the history of industry developmentâ€, which was included in The annals of the 30th Anniversary of China's Superhard Materials Development.
It can be said that our school's super-hard materials and products are new professions that have emerged with the new demands of China's scientific and technological progress and industrial development to adapt to the economic construction of the new era. Its birth is the product of the cooperation between industry, academia and research, and it is the product of the guiding ideology of the combination of production, study and research.
2 Adapting to the needs of the industry to determine professional training objectives and school-running models
From the day of its creation, the profession will follow the industry requirements and follow the spirit of the combination of production, study and research to determine the professional training objectives and school-running model. On the basis of extensive investigations across the country to solicit the requirements of more than 100 units in the industry, the school invited dozens of leaders and experts from representative research institutes and key enterprises in the industry to come to the school to organize Demonstration of professional training objectives and school-running models for super-hard materials and products.
After argumentation, the graduates of this major are assigned to the nationwide superhard materials and products industry for the Ministry of Machinery and other relevant ministries and commissions, including industrial enterprises and related research, design and application departments. The graduates are mainly engaged in the technical work of manufacturing superhard materials and products, including the development and research of diamond and cubic boron nitride manufacturing and grinding tools, sawing tools, drilling tools, cutting tools, etc., design and manufacturing work and application of these products. technical job.
According to the training objectives, the experts also deeply demonstrated the teaching plan of the major, including the curriculum arrangement, class allocation, experimental internship and other practical teaching links, and the construction plan of the school engineering practice base (laboratory and school-run factory internship workshop). . The overall plan for determining the curriculum is that the percentage of basic courses, professional basic courses, and professional courses is roughly 40:40:20, and the hours of practice are not less than 39% of the total hours. It is worth noting that the proportion of professional courses determined according to expert argumentation opinions is significantly higher than other majors at the time, and higher than the proportion of professional courses in other undergraduate institutions.
According to the requirements of the industry, the plan for cultivating talents is formulated to meet the requirements of the employer as the ultimate goal, which embodies the characteristics of the new mode of cooperation between industry, university and research institutes. This is a fundamentally important reform that is a new specialty of superhard materials and products that has been implemented since the early days of the establishment.
3 Production, study and research combined with professional construction
3.1 Combination of production, study and research to build the teaching staff and textbook construction
In the process of creating and developing super-hard materials and products, our school has also hired a group of well-known experts and scholars who have influential and representative research and production units in the national superhard materials and products industry as the school's consultants. Or part-time professors, such as Wang Guangzu, Dai Hongjun, Pan Fei of Sanmao, Xu Xiangtao and Zhao Duanyun of the sixth wheel factory. Ask them to jointly write teaching materials with the teachers of the school, such as "Superhard Material Manufacturing", "Metal Bond Diamond Products", "Superhard Material Resin Abrasives" and so on. The school's unique textbooks, such as "Diamond Abrasives and Abrasives" and "Superhard Materials Electroplating Products", also invite industry experts to participate in the review and preparation of the outline before writing, and ask them to review the draft after writing. The set of textbooks thus written, the theory is linked to the reality, adapted to the needs of the industry, not only used as school textbooks, but also used as technical reference books, widely distributed throughout the industry, has been officially published and reprinted or reprinted many times.
In addition to the joint preparation of teaching materials, consultants are also invited to teach certain courses at the beginning of the new major, so that young teachers can serve as teaching assistants and systematically attend classes in order to start classes independently. At the same time, domestic and foreign experts are invited to come to the school to hold special lectures or short-term lectures.
In order to train young teachers into dual-skilled talents with both theory and practice, capable of being able to be literary, that is, lecturers and engineers, we have sent the young teachers of the profession to relevant research institutes and production enterprises for further study. And internship, the time is more than one year. In the future, it will be no less than two months a year, and it will be persistent for many years. The proportion of such personnel accounts for more than 80%. At the same time, young teachers are also required to pursue postgraduate studies in various forms such as off-the-job or on-the-job reading, so that all of them have high academic qualifications.
3.2 Production, study and research combined with laboratory construction
The professional laboratory construction program, even specific to the setting of the test project, is first determined by industry experts. In the construction of the laboratory, in determining the inevitable experimental projects and the purchase of experimental equipment and equipment, we put forward the "three two one" priority principle in the spirit of the combination of production, study and research, namely: teaching, scientific research, production The function is both preferred, and there are two functions at the same time, secondly; only a single teaching function, the final consideration, if not essential, is not arranged. This can make the hard-won limited material conditions fully play its due role in teaching, science and production, and achieve the best use effect. According to the results of the principle of 321, more than 90% of the equipments in the profession have three or two functions, which create favorable basic conditions for the combination of science and education.
3.3 Combination of production, study and research to carry out practice teaching reform
Production understanding of internships, implementation of factory school, school cooperation. The specific arrangement is that the students first go to the key enterprises of the industry, Zhengzhou Huajing and other companies to understand the production process and equipment, and then go to the domestic counterpart professional institute Zhengzhou Sanmao to understand the research frontier and new product development. This is the way in which the profession has been effective in the combination of production, study and research for more than 20 years. Production operation internships and professional internships are carried out in the school-run diamond products factory, and the engineering and technical personnel with practical experience undertake the task of guiding the internship. Through this combination of production, study and research in the school, engineering and technical training will be carried out to cultivate students' technical application ability and production operation skills.
A prominent feature of the graduated internship in this major is the close integration of production, study and research. We have three priority principles for the graduation internship project - all the topics proposed by the factory are prioritized; those that combine scientific research are preferred; all new product development research topics are preferred. These three types of topics closely related to industry, academia and research are prioritized and supported by human and material resources. The equipment of this experiment is given priority to meet the requirements for the use of these subjects, and the internship funds are also biased towards these topics, giving additional subsidies beyond the school's prescribed amount. More than 90% of the graduated internships in this major belong to the subject of production, research, and new product development. This will help students to deepen the practice of the environment, solve practical problems, get practical training, and become a talented person who is very popular with employers. At the same time, it also exercised the practical ability of teachers and increased the economic benefits of running a school.
4 On-campus production, study and research combined with the construction of engineering practice base
The school-run factory diamond product factory is also an experimental practice center for super-hard materials and products. Its construction plan and workshop layout are closely combined with the professional teaching requirements. In response to the professional four main professional courses, the school-run factory has built four modules corresponding to it: super hard materials, sintered products, electroplated products, resin abrasives and other four production lines. This relatively complete practice base is not only the production base of the factory, but also the teaching base of professional internships. It is also the base for research and new product development. This is a comprehensive new on-campus engineering training base that combines the three functions of production, education and research.
In order to better reflect the spirit of the combination of production, study and research, the school has established a superhard materials and products research institute based on the original superhard materials and products professional and diamond products factory, and boldly implemented the management system in the practice base. Exploration of reform. The school-run diamond products factory was originally affiliated with the school industry system, not the educational system. Upon approval by the school, it was decided to place the diamond products factory in the educational system. The factory director also serves as deputy director and deputy director of the institute. He is responsible for the production of the factory and is also responsible for the internship teaching tasks and assists in scientific research. The factory is economically opposed to the account and is responsible for its own profits and losses. Later, the reform was further deepened, and the diamond product factory was renamed as the experimental training center for superhard materials abrasives.
At the same time of system reform, we implemented overall planning and resource sharing for teaching laboratory equipment, production equipment of the factory, and scientific research equipment of the institute. This changed the original state of dispersion, prevented redundant construction, and improved effective utilization. The advantages of the combination of production, study and research.
At the same time, teaching and research personnel also carry out unified arrangements. Some engineering and technical personnel of the factory also undertake teaching internship tasks, while teachers, scientific research and experimental personnel also have part of the factory product development tasks and quality inspection work.
As mentioned above, the personnel, equipment and site buildings have been uniformly deployed and coordinated, and the historical situation of teaching, scientific research and production has been changed. A new unified system of production, study and research has been formed.
5 All-round close cooperation between the school and the industry
5.1 Participate in the preparation of the national superhard materials industry associations and associations
Zhengzhou Industrial College has achieved remarkable professional achievements in the creation of super-hard materials and products, and has been highly praised by the industry. It has been recommended as the vice chairman unit of the first council of China Superhard Materials Industry Association, and the director of employee education (Jilin University is the deputy director unit). ). Many key teachers of super-hard materials and products have become industry technical experts, participating in the establishment, acceptance and appraisal of national and provincial high-tech products, high-tech enterprises, Torch Program projects, outstanding talent fund projects, outstanding youth fund projects. Participated in the drafting of the national superhard materials industry and Henan science and technology development plan. Professor Wang Qinsheng, the founder of superhard materials and products, was appointed as the special consultant of China Superhard Materials Industry Association and the executive deputy director of the Technical Expert Committee. As the head of the Superhard Materials Branch of the National Science and Technology Commission of China, the representative of China Superhard Materials Association Head of the regiment, led a delegation to the United States, Russia, Germany, Japan, Italy and other countries to conduct academic exchanges and scientific and technological cooperation with foreign countries on superhard materials and products.
5.2 Participation in the planning and construction of national superhard materials high-tech industrial base
Under the guidance of Henan Science and Technology Department, Professor Wang Qinsheng and other experts worked closely with Zhengzhou National High-tech Development Zone to complete the planning and declaration of the national superhard material industry base. In 2002, it was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology and was established in 2003. Professor Wang Qinsheng was hired as the chief expert of the National Superhard Materials High Technology Industry Base. At the same time, according to the planning of the combination of production, study and research in the development zone, it is approved to build a new campus in the development zone of about 1200 mu, which has created the necessary conditions for Zhengzhou Industrial College to upgrade to the undergraduate.
5.3 Participation in the planning and construction of regional high-tech industrial chain with superhard materials
Under the guidance of the Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Professor Wang Qinsheng and other experts worked closely with relevant parties to complete the planning and reporting of the “National Superhard Materials Regional High-tech Industrial Chain†construction base, and passed the national development reform in 2009. The committee approved the establishment. Professor Wang Qinsheng was hired as the leader of the expert group of the regional high-tech industrial chain with superhard materials. At the same time, under the guidance of the Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the organization of screening, reporting, funding application and distribution plan for 10 major projects of the national industrial chain was approved, and the national financial support of 125 million yuan was approved. The project has been successfully completed in 2012. In order to promote the development of the super-hard materials and products characteristic industry in Henan Province. The second round of national project support began this year.
6 Production, study and research combined with discipline construction has achieved remarkable results
In the process of creation and development of superhard materials and products, the company has consciously implemented the policy of education for economic construction and relied on the industry to open schools. At the same time as the implementation of the combination of off-campus production, study and research, the next effort is to focus on the combination of production, study and research in the school. Therefore, the profession has achieved remarkable results in teaching, research and production, and has continuously achieved gratifying results.
6.1 Undergraduate postgraduate students at multiple levels
Zhengzhou Industrial College has been co-organizing undergraduate courses with the undergraduate college Zhongyuan Institute of Technology since 2002. The superhard materials and products specialty began to recruit undergraduates. In 2003, Zhengzhou Industrial College completed the preparatory work for the special promotion. In 2004, the school merged with Zhengzhou Engineering College to form Henan University of Technology. In 2005 and 2010, at the First and Second Science and Technology Work Conference of Henan University of Technology, superhard materials were identified as one of the key disciplines with advantages and characteristics of Henan University of Technology. While starting the undergraduate course, the original specialists will be retained to continue enrollment and maintain the characteristics of the original junior college students. We must continue to do a good job in the staff education. In short, in response to the different requirements of the industry, multi-level training of talents.
The School of Materials, Henan University of Technology has 12 professors, 27 associate professors, senior engineers and senior experimenters, 27 doctors and 4 postdocs. It has provincial first-level key disciplines of materials science and engineering, Henan Province Engineering Laboratory of super-hard abrasive composite materials, and an open laboratory for super-hard materials of key disciplines in Henan Province.
Zhongyuan Institute of Technology, in cooperation with Zhengzhou Industrial College in 2002, has jointly established superhard materials and products. Since 2004, it has independently opened materials science and engineering and material processing at the undergraduate level with superhard materials and products. Professional with control. The School of Materials and Chemical Engineering now has three master's programs in materials science, material physics and chemistry, and material processing engineering. Its super-hard materials and products are its outstanding research directions. The discipline of materials science and engineering is a provincial-level key discipline. The School of Materials and Chemical Engineering now has provincial key laboratories “High-grade superhard materials tools Henan Engineering Experiment†and “Zhengzhou Diamond Sawing Tools Engineering Technology Research Centerâ€. There are 12 professors, 22 associate professors and 29 doctors. Among them, there are 5 post-doctors and 1 academician.
6.2 Teaching results are remarkable
According to the needs of the industry, we have created a super hard material and product specialty, and relying on the industry to establish an industry-university cooperation talent training model. This achievement won the Henan Excellent Teaching Achievement Award.
The course on superhard materials manufacturing and the curriculum reform related to superhard materials have been well-received and have been awarded provincial-level excellent courses.
Due to the remarkable combination of production, study and research, Prof. Wang Qinsheng was recommended to represent the school's national key teaching and research project “The Reform of Mechanical Discipline in the 21st Century – Research on Industry-University Cooperationâ€.
In the construction of teaching materials, on the basis of the first round of textbooks, "Superhard Material Manufacturing", "Diamond Sintered Products", "Superhard Material Electroplating Products", "Superhard Materials and Products", "Abrasive Abrasives" were officially published. Technical manuals and other monographs and textbooks.
The talent training effect is remarkable. Since its inception, the profession has had more than 20 graduates. Successive graduates have been in short supply, and supply and demand have remained at 1:3 to 1:5 for many years. It is one of the best employments in universities in Henan Province.
6.3 Scientific research results
The School of Materials Science of Henan University of Technology and the School of Materials and Chemical Engineering of Zhongyuan University of Technology have undertaken more than 200 national science and technology major projects, the National Natural Science Foundation project, the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Major Project, the Provincial Outstanding Talent Fund Project, and the provincial and ministerial level scientific and technological projects. In recent years, he has published more than 850 papers in famous journals at home and abroad, including more than 280 papers by SCI and EI.
It is particularly worth mentioning that the academic team led by Professor Wang Qinsheng, together with the listed company Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd. and Zhengzhou Sanmao Research Institute, based on the results of the combination of years of production, research and research, "catalytic synthesis of high-grade diamond key equipment and complete sets of processes Technology Research and Development", declared the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 2011 to be successful! This is the second national scientific and technological progress second prize won by the industry in 25 years.
7 Conclusion
The creation and development of superhard materials and products professions and disciplines have always been along the road of combining production, study and research. Some gratifying progress has been made on this road, and it has been affirmed and praised by the society, which proves that this road is right and the general direction is correct. We believe that the combination of production, study and research is the only way for professional discipline construction and reform and development under the new situation of China's reform and opening up. It is a broad and wide road, and we will continue to move forward along this road!
references
[1] Survey report on social needs of professionals in superhard materials and products, Wang Qinsheng, Li Ying, Zuo Hongsen, Wang Dequan, etc., Zhengzhou Mechanical College, 1985, 3
[2] Why set superhard materials and products, Wang Qinsheng, et al., Zhengzhou Mechanical College, 1985, 4
[3] Discussion on the curriculum of superhard materials and products, Wang Qinsheng, Li Ying, Zuo Hongsen, Journal of Zhengzhou Mechanical College, 1986, 3
[4] The composition of the knowledge system of superhard materials and products, Wang Qinsheng et al., Zhengzhou Mechanical College, 1987, 3
[5] Creation of Superhard Materials and Products, Wang Qinsheng, Proceedings of China Superhard Materials Development Strategy Symposium, 1993
[6] Research and practice of the combination of production, education and research in superhard materials and products, Wang Qinsheng, Li Ying, Zuo Hongsen, Zhengzhou Guochao Hard Materials and Products Seminar (Celebrating the 40th Anniversary of China's Superhard Materials Development), 2003
(This article is excerpted from "China's Superhard Materials Industry Fifty Years")
Brass fasteners are suited for some marine environments, including brackish water and slow current sea water; brass in this environment develops a protective green coating. Brass fasteners are also commonly used with wood applications, as the golden coloring blends well with the tan wood. Brass is a softer metal and must be used with care, always drilling pilot holes and using driver bits that fit the head of the screw precisely to prevent stripping. Brass Bolts also require a pilot hole be driven before installtion.
Abstract Abstract: In order to adapt to the development of the demand for professional talents of superhard materials and products in China, we will combine the combination of production, study and research to create superhard materials and products, fill the gaps in this profession and become a specialty. For more than 20 years, we have relied on the industry to establish a combination of production, study and research...
Abstract: In order to adapt to the development of the demand for professionals in China's superhard materials and products, we will combine the combination of production, study and research to create superhard materials and products, fill the gaps in this profession and become a specialty. For more than 20 years, we have closely relied on the industry, established a new talent training model combining production, study and research, and trained a group of professional and technical personnel engaged in superhard materials and products, and also cultivated fruitful scientific research results. This not only promotes the formation of distinctive disciplines and majors in the school, but also plays a positive role in the development of the superhard materials and products industry and the advancement of science and technology.