Bosch Solar Energy and Solar Energy Research Hamelin (ISFH) in Germany successfully produced a crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell with a conversion efficiency of 22.1%. The solar cell uses ion implantation to cross Back knot contact (IBC) technology. This is the result of the joint development project of Bosch Solar Energy and Hamelin Solar Energy Research Institute using IBC technology. The peak power of this near square 156mm photovoltaic cell has reached 5.32 watts, which is the highest power announced by single crystal silicon photovoltaic cells, both of which are expected to achieve higher output power through the application of this technology. The Bosch Solar and Hamelin Institute of Solar Energy stated in a statement that IBC cells are an attractive concept for future solar cells because the front-end metallization avoids optical losses and the back-end metallization can be completely No silver. Through the application of novel and intelligent component interaction concepts, the significant advantages of IBC cells have been fully tapped: high voltage, ultra-high current density, and aesthetic appearance. Ion Implants Simplify and Reduce IBC Technology Costs Bosch Solar and Hamelin Solar Institute further pointed out that although the process steps of IBC cells are more complex, ion implantation can greatly simplify the production process. Both parties pointed out that only one high-temperature step is required. Due to the simplification of the production process, ion implantation technology can significantly reduce the cost structure of IBC cells. Process used In addition, Bosch Solar and Hamelin Solar Institute announced that they can use standard industrial technologies and equipment to develop these cells instead of using laboratory methods. In addition, this cell is based on an n-type wafer using the standard Czochralski method. The efficiency of this cell can reach 2.1%, open circuit voltage is 676mV, short circuit current density is 51.6mA/cm2 and 78.5% fill factor. The two agencies pointed out that they believe that the open circuit voltage and fill factor have the potential for further improvement. The research project was supported by Applied Materials Inc., an ion implant manufacturer headquartered in Santa Clara, California. (Compiled by Tao Shuhua)
Dosing Pump Characteristic :
1 Clean and pollution-free: fluid only passes through and touches the Peristaltic Pump hose.
Dosing Pump,Laboratory Peristaltic Pump,Metering Pump,Peristaltic Dosing Pump Baoding Chuangrui Precision Pump Co., Ltd. , https://www.crperistalticpump.com
3. Low shear force: It is an ideal tool for conveying shear-sensitive and corrosive fluids.
4. Corrosion resistance: it can transport various fluids, such as organic solvents and corrosive liquids.
5. Idling and dry operation: air or gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed transportation can also be transported.
6. Possess self-priming ability: self-priming, no need to fill the pump, no need to empty.
7. It has the function of a shut-off valve, does not siphon, has no seals, and has the functions of a shut-off valve and a check valve.
8. Two-way conveying function: reverse pumping and back-suction functions can be realized by changing the direction of the pump runner.
9. Simple maintenance: only need to replace the peristaltic pump hose, no valve and seal replacement.