Winter wheat sowing six notes

First, pay attention to the selection of suitable varieties

The selection of wheat varieties is one of the key measures for high yield of wheat, that is, to select excellent varieties, and to choose the varieties suitable for the region, otherwise the varieties will be excellent, the regional environment is not suitable and will not achieve high yield, the low temperature in winter 2009 makes Some of the wheat that is not resistant to low temperatures and is not suitable for planting in southern Hebei suffers from freezing damage, resulting in reduced production or even no harvest. At present, the excellent wheat varieties promoted in our county mainly include Shixin 828, Shimai 15, and Jimai 22.

Second, pay attention to the cleansing of seeds

A large part of wheat seeds are self-retained or exchanged between farmers. For these seeds, they must be air-dried and sieved before planting to remove heavy impurities and thin seeds and weeds to improve seed purity. .

Third, pay attention to pesticide dressing

The first seed dressing is insect control (蛴螬, 蝼蛄, golden worm), and the second is disease prevention (stained blight, total eclipse, etc.). It is recommended to use a seed coating for seed coating. Seeds that are not coated with a seed coating must be seeded with a chemical. According to the incidence of the disease, choose the seed dressing: the plot where the disease occurs is heavier, choose 2% ricketts, 0.1%-0.15% seed dressing, or 20% fructamine seed dressing 0.15%, the whole wheat For the diseased and smut-heavy plots, use 25% of the 20% water and 150 grams of water to mix the wheat seeds with 10 kilograms; the underground pests will be heavier, and 40% methyl isoflavone emulsifiable concentrate or 35% can be used. Base thiocycline emulsifiable concentrate, seed dressing according to the seed amount of 0.2%; disease and insect mixed plots can be mixed with the above agents (bactericide + insecticide) and mixed with seeds. Special attention: When mixing seeds, first mix the insecticides and suffocate and dry them, then mix the fungicides; because the seed dressing has an effect on the emergence of wheat, the seeding rate should be increased by 10%-15%.

Fourth, pay attention to fine seeding

Fine sowing, including mastering the sowing date, sowing amount, sowing depth, intensive cultivation, and foot sowing, etc.:

(1) Intensive cultivation: Intensive cultivation is conducive to the good growth of wheat whole seedlings, strong seedlings and plants. The plots of rotary tillage in successive years should be deep ploughed 5-6 inches by deep plough, and the straw should be directly returned to the plot to remove the long broken straw, and the whole land should be thoroughly smeared and smoothed to ensure the quality of the land preparation. Pay special attention to two points: First, the species of the foot and the scorpion, no seed, no seed, it is best to pour the seed first; second, it can't be planted with the plough, it must be 7-10 days after the land preparation, and then re-broadcast after the grounding, so Virtual reality.

(2) Sowing date: In recent years, with the warming of the global climate, it is often the case that wheat grows before winter, and winter and early spring freezes occur. In response to the climate warming situation, comprehensive factors are determined to determine winter wheat. The suitable broadcast period is October 7-12.

(3) Sowing volume: Three principles should be mastered to determine the reasonable seeding rate: one is the variety characteristics; the second is the sowing date in the morning and evening; the third is the soil fertility level and the land preparation quality. Generally, the amount of tillering and tillering rate is relatively small; the late sowing wheat should be appropriately increased in amount; the soil fertility level is medium, the period is suitable, and the field is fine, and the field is 18-20 kg per mu. , 墒 墒 ,, the ground is rough, the next amount can be increased to more than 20 kg, generally not more than 25 kg.

(4) Seeding form: In order to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture during the growth period of wheat, to achieve water saving purposes, and to promote the sowing technique of row spacing, the row spacing is 15 cm and the sowing depth is 4-5 cm.

(5) Sowing depth: As the saying goes: "One inch shallow, two inches deep, more than three inches will be stuffy" means that the seeding is too shallow, easy to flash, affecting emergence; sowing too deep (more than 2 inches), wheat tiller decline The rate of ear formation is not high, which affects the yield. It is best to broadcast one inch and a half.

(6) Repression after sowing: After the wheat is broadcasted, the town will be covered, and the surface layer will be preserved. After the sowing, do the hoeing. In order to save the irrigation water, the raft is irrigated. According to the plot, the raft width is 4-5 meters and the length is 7-10 meters.

Five, pay attention to check seedlings

After the wheat is planted, the emergence of the seedlings should be checked in time. Once the seedlings are missing, the seeds should be replanted in time. Method: Select the same variety as the lack of seedling plots, first soak seeds under suitable temperature conditions, germination, or soak for 12 hours with 25,000 times of naphthaleneacetic acid solution or potassium hydrogen phosphate 500 times solution, dry and then planted to facilitate Emergence and growth.

Six, pay attention to weeds autumn and winter treatment

For malignant grass weeds, it is necessary to spray and control the wheat 3-5 leaf stage, weed 2-4 leaf stage, and the wheat field based on buckwheat and maiden, 3% Shima oil suspension agent 20-30 ML plus auxiliaries 60 ml, 30 kg of water, evenly sprayed; wheat field dominated by broadleaf weeds such as wormwood, leeks, wheatgrass, etc., 10% in time after 2-4 leaf excavation 10 grams of fensulfuron, or 1 gram of superstar, 30 kg spray with water; malignant grass weeds and broadleaf weed mixed areas can be mixed with the corresponding herbicide varieties above. Try to choose the weather is fine, the temperature is sprayed above 10 °C, pay attention, the amount of liquid should be sufficient, spray once, no heavy spray does not leak.

(同增儒)