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2. Covering soil and mud-retaining fertilizers In addition to large piles of winter fertilizers or storage fertilizers, measures should be taken to cover the soil around the piles and at the top of the piles: that is, cover 1 layer of soil or 1 layer of wheat straw mud, which can cause coldness. Can not be piled up, the role of hot air can not be emitted. At the same time, the cover soil seals the passage of nitrogen volatilization loss and reduces the loss of nitrogen. It has been determined that at the same time, the nitrogen loss rate of the manure cover soil is less than 10%, while the nitrogen loss of the uncovered soil seal is about 30%.
3. Ash manure should be stored separately. Ash ash is grass ash, which is an alkaline fertilizer. Mixing with manure can cause a sharp drop in nitrogen in manure. According to the test: with the straw ash washer or the cover manure, the manure nitrogen loss after 40 days is about 40%, and after 3 months, the loss is about 95%. After 3 days without the ash or uncovered manure, only 5% is lost, and the loss is after 3 months. About 48%. Therefore, in the winter composting process, the ash dung must be stored separately. Do not mix.
4. Fertilizer plus phosphorus and nitrogen retention Good mix of 2% to 3% of superphosphate or more than 5% of phosphate rock in the heap to store and store, can play a significant role in nitrogen retention. According to the test, if the superphosphate is mixed in the fertilizer pile, the nitrogen loss will only be about 3.10% after 4 months, and the unadded loss will be about 45%. After 4 months of adding the phosphate rock powder, the nitrogen loss will be about 5.40%. Without adding, the loss is about 49.60%. Therefore, we must pay attention to adding some phosphate fertilizer when composting, and do more with half the effort with phosphorus and nitrogen.
1. The fertilizer pile should not be small. The cold weather is cold in the cold season. In order to promote the warming and fermenting of the fertilizer pile, the fertilizer piles for composting in winter should be appropriately increased. Generally, it is preferably 3 to 4 meters in diameter and 2 meters in height. It is also possible to use a rectangular pile of 2 meters high, 1.50 to 2 meters wide and 4 meters long. If the pile is too low and too narrow, the cold is invaded, the heat is lost quickly, the fertilizer is slow and the quality is poor. In addition, some farmers transport fertilizer to small piles of farmland or sprinkle on the ground during the winter and spring seasons. These practices are very detrimental to nitrogen retention. According to the measurement, the fertilizer will be reduced to about 30% when the fertilizer is stored in a small pile, and about 64% will be lost when it is scattered on the ground, and only about 10% will be lost in the winter. Therefore, in general, winter and spring fertilizer should be stored in large piles in the ground, and then sprinkled into the ground before ploughing.
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